With G20 event, India seeks to project normalcy in disputed Kashmir
- The meeting will be the first significant international event in Kashmir since New Delhi stripped the Muslim-majority region of semi-autonomy in 2019
- Pakistan, which controls part of Kashmir but, like India, claims the entire territory, slammed New Delhi for holding the meeting, while China will not attend the event
Since the 2019 changes, the city, known for rolling Himalayan foothills and exquisitely decorated houseboats, has become a major domestic tourist destination. Hotels have been mostly booked out for months.
Kashmir has also drawn millions of visitors, who enjoy a strange peace kept by ubiquitous security checkpoints, armoured vehicles and patrolling soldiers.
The meeting is good and it could boost tourism
For the G20 meeting, the city has spruced up its commercial centre and roads leading to the convention centre on Dal Lake, while police have increased security even further, placing a massive security cordon around the site.
On a recent Wednesday, gun-toting naval commandos in rubber boats mingled with tourists in canary-yellow gondolas.
Paul Staniland, a political scientist who studies South Asia at the University of Chicago, said the G20 meeting is “in line with Indian government policy to symbolically project normalcy and stability in Kashmir,” and is unlikely to herald a change in policy.
“The meeting is good and it could boost tourism,” said college student Mufeed Hilal. “But we also want to see the Kashmir issue resolved. That is our basic problem.”
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Kashmir, the world’s most militarised zone, sees tourism boom
Kashmir meeting criticised
Speaking on the sidelines of a recent Shanghai Cooperation Organisation meeting in India, foreign minister Bilawal Bhutto Zardari said the choice of location showed India’s “pettiness” and was a “show of arrogance to the world.”
India’s foreign minister, Subrahmanyam Jaishankar, dismissed the Pakistani minister’s comments, saying that he was not going to debate the issue “with a country which has nothing to do with the G20,” referring to the fact that Pakistan is not a member of the group.
The G20, made up of the world’s largest economies, has a rolling presidency with a different member state in charge of the group’s agenda and priorities each year. India is steering the group in 2023.
China firmly opposes holding any form of G20 meeting in disputed areas and China will not attend such a meeting
“China firmly opposes holding any form of G20 meeting in disputed areas and China will not attend such a meeting,” Foreign Ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin told reporters at a daily briefing on Friday.
“The government of India is seeking to normalise what some have described as a military occupation by instrumentalising a G20 meeting and portray an international seal of approval,” said Fernand de Varennes, the special rapporteur on minority issues, in a statement.
India’s mission at the UN in Geneva rejected the statement as “baseless” and “unwarranted allegations.” In a tweet on Tuesday, it said it was India’s “prerogative to host its meetings in any part of the country.”
India also held G20 tourism meetings in the states of West Bengal and Gujarat earlier this year, and one more is scheduled in Goa next month.
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Patrols increase ahead of meeting
Intrusive security measures have been a fact of life in Indian-controlled Kashmir since 1989, when a violent separatist insurgency erupted and Indian forces replied with a brutal crackdown. While the armed rebellion was largely suppressed, the region remains one of the world’s most heavily militarised territory, with hundreds of thousands of Indian troops deployed.
For decades, a typical Kashmiri’s day has included frisking and questioning by police and soldiers, house raids and random searches of cars. But after New Delhi took the region under its direct control, authorities have seized scores of homes and arrested hundreds under stringent anti-terror laws. The government says such actions are necessary to stop what it calls a “terror ecosystem.”
Mehbooba Mufti, the region’s former top elected official, said that police had detained hundreds of Kashmiris ahead of the meeting. In a party newsletter, she alleged that there has been an “unprecedented surge in arrests, raids, surveillance and persecution of our people” ahead of the event.
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The Kashmir conflict
In a statement on Monday, police said there is a “need to enhance the security measures at vulnerable locations to avoid any chance of terrorist attack during the G20” meeting.
Kashmir has remained on edge since the 2019 changes, as authorities put in place new laws that critics and many Kashmiris fear could transform the region’s demographics. In New Delhi’s effort to shape what it calls “Naya Kashmir,” or a “new Kashmir,” the territory’s people and its press have been largely silenced.
Although violence has ebbed in last few years, fighting between government forces and rebels opposed to Indian rule still erupts periodically. At least 10 Indian soldiers, including five members of army special forces, were killed recently in two militant attacks in Jammu region.
