Lou Conter, last survivor of WWII attack on USS Arizona at Pearl Harbour, dies at 102
- The Arizona lost 1,177 sailors and Marines in 1941 attack that launched US into WWII. Ship’s dead account for nearly half of those killed in attack
- Lou Conter, who was a quartermaster on the ship when Japan bombed the Hawaii harbour, died at his home in California
Lou Conter, the last living survivor of the USS Arizona battleship that exploded and sank during the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbour, has died. He was 102.
Conter died on Monday at his home in Grass Valley, California, following congestive heart failure, his daughter, Louann Daley said, adding she was beside him along with two of her brothers, James and Jeff.
The Arizona lost 1,177 sailors and Marines in the 1941 attack that launched the United States into World War II. The battleship’s dead account for nearly half of those killed in the attack.
Conter was a quartermaster, standing on the main deck of the Arizona as Japanese planes flew overhead in the early hours of December 7 that year. Sailors were just beginning to hoist colours or raise the flag when the assault began.
Conter recalled how one bomb penetrated steel decks 13 minutes into the battle and set off more than 1 million pounds (450,000kg) of gunpowder stored below.
The explosion lifted the battleship 30 to 40ft (9 to 12 metres) out of the water, he said during a 2008 oral history interview stored at the Library of Congress. Everything was on fire from the mainmast forward, he said.
“Guys were running out of the fire and trying to jump over the sides,” Conter said. “Oil all over the sea was burning.”
His autobiography The Lou Conter Story recounts how he joined other survivors in tending to the injured, many of them blinded and badly burned. The sailors only abandoned ship when their senior surviving officer was sure they had rescued all those still alive.
One of the last two survivors of USS Arizona, sunk at Pearl Harbour, dies at 102
The rusting wreckage of the Arizona still lies where it sank. More than 900 sailors and Marines remain entombed inside. Only 335 Arizona crew members survived.
Conter went to flight school after Pearl Harbour, earning his wings to fly PBY patrol bombers, which the Navy used to look for submarines and bomb enemy targets. He flew 200 combat missions in the Pacific with a “Black Cats” squadron, which conducted dive bombing at night in planes painted black.
In 1943, he and his crew where shot down in waters near New Guinea and had to avoid sharks. A sailor expressed doubt they would survive, to which Conter replied, “baloney”.
“Don’t ever panic in any situation. Survive is the first thing you tell them. Don’t panic or you’re dead,” he said. They were quiet and treaded water until another plane came hours later and dropped them a lifeboat.
In the late 1950s, Conter was made the Navy’s first SERE officer – an acronym for survival, evasion, resistance and escape. He spent the next decade training Navy pilots and crew on how to survive if they are shot down in the jungle and captured as a prisoner of war. Some of his pupils used his lessons as POWs in Vietnam.
Conter retired in 1967 after 28 years in the Navy.
Conter was born in Ojibwa, Wisconsin, on September 13, 1921. He enlisted in the Navy after he turned 18, getting paid US$17 a month and a hammock for his bunk at boot camp.
Conter had been getting weaker and weaker in recent months and was hospitalised for 10 days in February, his daughter said. He had been in a hospice since returning home.
With Conter’s death, there are now 19 survivors of the Pearl Harbour attack still living, according to Kathleen Farley, the California state chairwoman of the Sons and Daughters of Pearl Harbour Survivors. About 87,000 military staff were on Oahu, Hawaii on December 7, according to a rough estimate compiled by military historian J. Michael Wenger.
In his later years, Conter became a fixture at annual remembrance ceremonies in Pearl Harbour that the Navy and the National Park Service jointly hosted on the anniversaries of the 1941 attack. When he lacked the strength to attend in person, he recorded video messages for those who gathered and watched remotely from his home in California.
Though many treated the shrinking group of Pearl Harbour survivors as heroes, Conter refused the label.
“The 2,403 men that died are the heroes. And we’ve got to honour them ahead of everybody else. And I’ve said that every time, and I think it should be stressed,” Conter told Associated Press in a 2022 interview at his California home.
