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Malaysian Economic Affairs Minister Azmin Ali. Photo: EPA-EFE

Explainer | How Anwar Ibrahim and Azmin Ali’s mentor-protégé relationship turned sour

  • Worsening ties mark a decoupling of political destinies that were once intertwined, mirroring what happened between Mahathir and Anwar
  • Amid calls within the PKR for Azmin to be sacked, there are fears that purging a loyalist would create a martyr
Malaysia

It’s been a long year for Azmin Ali, Malaysia’s Economic Affairs Minister and the deputy president of the People’s Justice Party (PKR), the largest component party of the ruling Pakatan Harapan coalition.

Earlier this year, he was accused of being in a sex tape that was leaked to the media. He has also been facing increased friction from within his party over tensions between him and PKR president Anwar Ibrahim, who is designated to become prime minister before 2023.

On social media, Malaysians have accused Azmin of focusing on politicking instead of his job – accusations that became heightened after reports emerged he had hosted dozens of opposition members at his home for an illicit dinner. And at PKR’s internal elections last year, claims of cheating and vote-buying were thrown around liberally in what were dubbed by analysts as the party’s dirtiest elections to date.

Fierce infighting in PKR threatens future of Malaysia’s ruling party

It is believed Azmin’s recent tensions with Anwar – which has led to dramatically escalating infighting between Azmin and Anwar camps within PKR that risk undermining the stability of Pakatan Harapan – stem from his own desire to potentially become premier.
Azmin accused Anwar of attacking him during a policy address at PKR’s annual general meeting earlier this month, although the minister later backed down from the accusation by assuring Malaysians of his respect for his former mentor, even though a shaky truce had been violated between the two rival factions.

“We love the party, we built the party in hard circumstances. It is very unfair to many party leaders who have built the party for years, and then suddenly, when we want to celebrate our 20th anniversary, we become traitors. Because of these traitors, the party is now 20 years old,” he said in his most public acknowledgement of the party’s internal conflict to date.

These happenings mark a decoupling of political destinies that were previously intertwined: the two men share a long and complex history dating back to when Anwar was a minister and a top member of the now-opposition United Malays National Organisation (Umno), which administrated the country for over six decades under the previous Barisan Nasional coalition.
The prime minister then, Mahathir Mohamad – who returned to power for a second stint as leader last May – recommended that Azmin become Anwar’s personal secretary, even up until Anwar was made deputy prime minister – and subsequently accused of sodomy and corruption in 1998.
Azmin stood by his boss during the sodomy trial – even getting arrested for organising a pro-Anwar protest – and was instrumental in helping set up a political party that would, 20 years later, help form the government.

In 1999, he entered active politics and became an assemblyman for the state of Selangor, Malaysia’s richest state – and the one he would later go on to administrate as chief minister in 2014, a year before Anwar was imprisoned for sodomy a second time.

Mahathir says he’ll ‘hand baton’ to Anwar after Apec 2020

A consummate politician, Azmin has managed to be elected to power in almost every election he stood in, even when the-then opposition lacked national traction, except in 2004. Then, he was found guilty of lying for Anwar on the stand, although the Court of Appeal reversed this decision eight years later. In 2008, he was key in helping the Anwar-led opposition make dramatic and unprecedented national gains.

However, it was when Azmin became Selangor’s chief minister that the cracks within PKR began to show – clashes between Azmin and other factions within PKR began to rear their ugly head as the party struggled to stay united under a leader distracted by weighty legal proceedings.

His route to the role, too, was fraught – in a political manoeuvre dubbed the Kajang Move, party insiders attempted to oust the incumbent state chief minister, a fellow PKR member, and replace him with Anwar. This resulted in a nine-month political crisis and in many ways marked the most visible lines drawn within a party that was struggling to make sense of its new-found pockets of political power after years as mere opposition voices.

Anwar Ibrahim. Photo: Reuters
After the landmark 2018 elections when the Mahathir Mohamad-led Pakatan Harapan coalition finally managed to unseat Umno – the party Anwar, Azmin and Mahathir once belonged to – Azmin took over as chief minister before relinquishing the role when Mahathir made him Economic Affairs Minister in his Cabinet, a move that stunned many.
Meanwhile, Anwar also saw his fate take a remarkable turn after the general elections: after being freed from prison and receiving a royal pardon, Anwar forced and won a by-election, becoming a member of Parliament and paving his way for a political comeback.

However, as Azmin comes into his own and grows out of the mentor-protégé relationship he shared with Anwar, it appears as if ties will only continue to sour in a manner not dissimilar to the close relationship Mahathir and Anwar once shared before the latter was unceremoniously booted from his cabinet.

Can Mahathir and Anwar get Malaysian coalition back on track?

Now, as the party attempts to heed calls to attend to the business of governance rather than politicking, internal voices question why Azmin has not yet been sacked for egregious behaviour such as skipping a year’s-worth of internal meetings despite being party deputy president, and walking out of the recent annual congress.

Some party members say that it is because the optics are too difficult to manage – sacking a protégé who was so long seen as a loyalist would only create a martyr, the same way Anwar kick-started a Reformation movement around his own sacking in 1998.

Others, however, are more romantic – Anwar still feels kindly towards the boy who stood by him during the ups and downs of his career, and even unchecked ambition can be forgiven.

The chief concern as the rift deepens, however, is that of the coherence and stability within the Pakatan Harapan coalition, in which PKR commands the bulk of its parliamentary presence.

This article appeared in the South China Morning Post print edition as: battle of crossed destinies at heart of political rift
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